Present Perfect Tense

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Present Perfect Tense is a tense that used to indicate a link between the present and the past. The time of the action is before now but not specified, and we are often more interested in the result than in the action itself.

Present Perfect Tense is made of auxiliary verb have  or has , and past participle (verb-3). Have  used for the subject [ I, you, they, we ] , while has  used for the subject [ he, she, it ] .

The Formula of Present Perfect Tense

Phase	Formula		Example
+	Verbal	S + have/has + Verb-3	I have told you 3 times.
	Nominal	S + have/has + been + nominal	The storm has gone.
–	Verbal	S + have/has + not + Verb-3	I have not ever gone to Jogjakarta even once.
	Nominal	S + have/has + not + been + nominal	In 1703, Indonesia has not been a country.
?	Verbal	Have/has + S + Verb-3	Have you already taken a bath?
	Nominal	Have/has + S + been + nominal	Has she been in school now?

THE PRESENT PERFECT IS USED TO DESCRIBE

§  An action or situation that started in the past and continues in the present. 

Ex: I have lived in Bristol since 1984 (= and I still do.)

      They haven’t lived here for years.

      Have you played piano since you were a child?

§  An action performed during a period that has not yet finished. 

Ex: She has been to the cinema twice this week (= and the week isn't over yet.)

      It has rained a lot this year.

      We haven’t seen her today.

§  A repeated action in an unspecified period between the past and now. 

Ex: We have visited Portugal several times.

       She has visited them frequently.

§  An action that was completed in the very recent past, expressed by 'just'. 

Ex: I have just finished my work.

      Has he just left?

§  An action when the time is not important. 

Ex: He has read 'War and Peace'. (= the result of his reading is important)

      She has studied Japanes, Russian, and English.

      Have you seen ‘Gone with the Wind’?

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE EXERCISES

11.    We have . . . . . in Bandung for several years.

a.    Live

b.    Living

c.    Lives

d.    Lived

22.    Bagas : You look so unhappy, Nata. What’s the problem?

Nata   : My father . . . . . his job.

a.    Has just lost

b.    Have just lost

c.    Losing

d.    Loses

33.    Fadhil . . . . . in that Company for 2 years.

a.    Serve

b.    Have served

c.    Serving

d.    Has served

44.    They . . . . . resigned their current jobs this year.

a.    Have

b.    Has

c.    Are

d.    Were

55.    We . . . . . out of gasoline.

a.    Have just run

b.    Has just run

c.    Have just running

d.    Has just running

  6.    ___ he ___ your family yet?
a. Has ___ met
b. Has ___ meet
c. Have ___ met

  

    7 .      ___ they ___ the exam?
a. Has ___ taken
b. Have ___ take
c. Have ___ tooked

  8.    How long ___ he ___ here?
a. has ___ worked
b. have ___ worked
c. has ___ works

    9.   The woman ______ her book.
a. hasn’t read
b. haven’t read
c. hasn’t readed

    10.. The movie _____ . Please be quiet !
a. have began
b. has began
c. has begun
d. have begun

111.  How long ___ English?
a. had you studied
b. has you studied
c. have you studied

1 12.  What ___ today?
a. have you done
b. had you done
c. has you done

113.  She ___ the kitchen.
a. has not cleanned
b. hasn’t cleaned
c. have not cleanned

114.  He ___ my mother.
a. has not meet
b. hasn’t met
c. has’nt met

115.  He ___ too much coffee.
a. has drink
b. has drank
c. has drunk